SPEED & AGILITY · GUIDE 05

Change Of Direction

Learn how to control momentum, reposition the body and accelerate efficiently into a new direction.

Speed & Agility • 10 min • All Levels

CHANGE OF DIRECTION

Football Is Rarely A Straight-Line Game

Players constantly change where they are moving.

Attackers cut away from defenders. Defenders adjust to runs. Midfielders turn toward new spaces and players react when possession changes.

Effective change of direction requires more than simply moving the feet quickly.

The player must control existing momentum, organize the body and then create force toward the new direction.

KEY IDEA Good change of direction combines braking, body control and explosive reacceleration.

MOVEMENT MODEL

Approach → Brake → Position → Push → Accelerate

1

Approach

Enter the movement at an appropriate speed for the directional change.

2

Brake

Reduce enough momentum to make the new direction possible.

3

Position

Organize the body and feet for the movement that comes next.

4

Push

Apply force into the ground to redirect the body.

5

Accelerate

Explode away from the change and build speed in the new direction.

MATCH IMPORTANCE

Where Direction Changes Appear

1V1 ATTACKING

Beat The Defender

Change direction after drawing the defender toward one side.

DEFENDING

Follow The Attacker

Adjust quickly when an opponent changes the direction of the attack.

TRANSITION

React To Possession

Reverse or redirect movement immediately when possession changes.

PRESSING

Adjust The Press

Redirect the run when the ball is passed to another opponent.

OFF-BALL RUN

Lose A Marker

Change the direction of a run to create separation from a defender.

LOOSE BALL

React To The Bounce

Adjust movement when the ball travels in an unexpected direction.

IMPORTANT DIFFERENCE

Change Of Direction Is Not The Same As Agility

A planned change-of-direction drill tells the player where to move before the repetition begins.

For example, the player may know they must sprint to a cone, cut left and accelerate to another cone.

Agility adds a perception and decision component. The player must react to information before choosing the movement.

Planned change-of-direction work can develop the physical movement. Reactive agility teaches the player to use movement in response to information.

APPROACH SPEED

The Entry Speed Changes The Difficulty

A direction change from a slow jog is very different from a hard cut after a fast sprint.

Higher approach speeds create more momentum that must be controlled.

This means players should not begin every change-of-direction drill at maximum speed.

First learn the movement at a manageable speed, then increase the approach speed as control improves.

BRAKING

Slow Down Enough To Redirect

A player cannot efficiently move in a new direction while all of the body's momentum continues strongly toward the old one.

Braking helps reduce that momentum before the player redirects.

The sharper the intended cut, the more important this braking phase can become.

Good change of direction therefore begins before the final plant or turning step.

CUTTING ANGLES

Not Every Direction Change Is The Same

Football includes small adjustments, moderate cuts, sharp cuts and complete reversals.

Each creates a different movement problem.

A slight change of direction at speed may require relatively little braking.

A complete reversal generally requires much more reduction of momentum before the player can accelerate away.

COACHING POINT Do not teach every directional change as if there is one perfect cutting technique.

BODY POSITION

Organize The Body Before Reaccelerating

Players often lower their body position as they prepare for sharper directional changes.

The hips, knees and ankles help manage braking and reposition the body.

The player's trunk should remain controlled rather than collapsing excessively.

The exact body position will change depending on approach speed, cutting angle and the next action.

FOOT PLACEMENT

Place The Foot To Support The Intended Movement

Foot placement influences how effectively a player can control and redirect the body.

However, there is not one universal plant-foot position for every football movement.

Different cutting angles, speeds and situations can require different solutions.

Rather than forcing every cut into one technique, teach players to remain balanced and create an effective push toward the new direction.

REACCELERATION

The Change Is Not Finished Until You Leave It

Players sometimes focus so heavily on the turn that they forget the purpose of changing direction.

In football, the player normally needs to move somewhere after the cut.

Once the body is redirected, produce strong steps to accelerate away.

Do not only practice getting into the cut. Practice getting out of it.

BOTH DIRECTIONS

Train Left And Right

Football does not allow players to choose their preferred movement direction every time.

Training should therefore include directional changes toward both sides.

Differences between sides may appear, especially when players repeatedly favor one direction.

Developing confidence in both directions creates a more adaptable mover.

MOVEMENT VARIETY

Do Not Always Begin Facing Forward

Players change direction from many starting positions.

They may be sprinting forward, shuffling sideways, backpedaling or turning while tracking an opponent.

Once basic technique is established, vary the movement that occurs before the directional change.

This makes training more representative of the movement demands of football.

WITH THE BALL

The Ball Changes The Movement Problem

When dribbling, the player must coordinate the directional change with control of the ball.

A perfect physical cut is not useful if the ball is left behind.

Players should therefore train both without the ball and with the ball.

Without-ball drills can develop movement capacity. Ball-based drills develop the ability to apply that movement while maintaining possession.

PROGRESSION

Build Change Of Direction Step By Step

1

Learn

Practice simple direction changes at manageable speed.

2

Accelerate

Increase the speed entering and leaving the movement.

3

Change Angles

Practice shallow, moderate and sharper directional changes.

4

Add Variety

Begin from different movement patterns and starting positions.

5

React

Progress toward situations where the player does not know the direction in advance.

PRACTICAL TRAINING

Useful Change-Of-Direction Exercises

DRILL 01

Sprint & Cut

Accelerate toward a marker, brake and redirect into a new direction.

DRILL 02

90-Degree Turn

Approach under control and redirect left or right before accelerating away.

DRILL 03

Turn Back

Brake before reversing direction and accelerating back toward the start.

DRILL 04

Zigzag Runs

Use several changes of direction while maintaining quality movement.

DRILL 05

Shuffle To Sprint

Begin moving laterally before redirecting into forward acceleration.

DRILL 06

Cut With The Ball

Repeat similar directional movements while coordinating the cut with ball control.

TRAINING QUALITY

Do Not Confuse Complexity With Quality

A drill does not become better simply because it contains more cones and more changes of direction.

Very complicated patterns can force players to memorize routes instead of improving the movement itself.

Begin with clear movement problems.

Progress difficulty by increasing speed, changing angles or adding decisions rather than creating unnecessarily complicated cone patterns.

SAMPLE SESSION

Simple Change-Of-Direction Session

1

Prepare

Warm up with progressive running, braking and controlled directional movements.

2

Simple Cuts

Practice predetermined directional changes at moderate speed.

3

Add Speed

Increase the approach and exit speed while preserving control.

4

Change Angles

Use several different turning angles rather than repeating one pattern.

5

Apply

Finish with a ball, partner or opponent to make the movement more football-specific.

MEASURE PROGRESS

Measure More Than The Turn

A timed change-of-direction test can provide useful information about movement performance.

Keep the course, distances, surface and timing method consistent when comparing results.

Also watch movement quality.

A faster time is useful, but the player should still demonstrate control entering the cut and strong acceleration leaving it.

MOVEMENT QUALITY

Turning Or Changing Direction?

TURN ONLY

The player reaches the marker, turns and loses momentum without a strong exit.

BRAKE & EXPLODE

The player controls the approach, redirects efficiently and accelerates strongly away.

COMMON MISTAKES

What Limits Change-Of-Direction Development?

01

Ignoring Deceleration

The player attacks the turn without controlling the momentum beforehand.

02

Only Training One Angle

Football requires many different directional changes.

03

Only Training One Side

The player becomes comfortable cutting in one direction but not the other.

04

Forcing One Plant Technique

Different speeds and cutting angles may require different movement solutions.

05

Forgetting Reacceleration

The player performs the turn but does not explode away afterward.

06

Overcomplicated Cone Drills

The player spends more time remembering the route than improving movement.

07

Never Adding Decisions

Every movement is predetermined and never progresses toward reactive football situations.

GUIDE SUMMARY

Seven Principles Of Change Of Direction

01

Control existing momentum before attempting a demanding directional change.

02

Match the braking strategy to the approach speed and cutting angle.

03

Organize the body so force can be produced toward the new direction.

04

Train several cutting angles rather than one universal turning technique.

05

Practice changing direction toward both sides.

06

Accelerate strongly after completing the directional change.

07

Progress planned movements toward reactive football situations.

SPEED & AGILITY · GUIDE 06

Reactive Agility

Learn how to combine perception, decision-making and explosive movement so you can react faster to opponents, teammates and the ball.

Learn Reactive Agility →